legally get married in Japan

Requirements for foreigners to legally get married in Japan

Being one of the most scenic countries with lots of culture and history, Japan always ranks as one of the favorite places to say "I do." For any foreign national, getting married in Japan requires very specific requirements and formalities. As a resident or tourist, you must know the requirements so that your wedding is recognized legally. This blog is to take you through everything you need to know about the process of getting married in Japan as a foreigner.

legal framework for Japanese marriage

Understanding the Legal Framework

The first thing you need to know about getting married in Japan is the legal framework concerning marriage. Under the Japanese legal system, the country accommodates two types of marriages: (1) Civil and (2) Religious marriages. The legal framework only recognizes civil marriages. For foreigners, civil marriage also involves registering a union with the local authorities.

Types of Marriage in Japan

  • Civil Marriage: The only legally recognized type of marriage in Japan is civil marriage. The process is in the form of registering at the local government office.
  • Religious or Symbolic Ceremony: Though they can be beautiful and enriching, unless a couple also have a civil marriage, these ceremonies hold no legal standing.

General Requirements to Get Married

1. Eligibility to Marry

Both parties must meet under specific eligibility criteria:

  • Age: An applicant is required to be at least 18 years old. For those under 20, both parties are required to have consent from their parents. In Japan, the legal marriage age is 18 for men and 16 for women, but parental consent is necessary for those under 20..
  • Capacity: Both parties must have the mental capabilities to perceive and consent to the marriage.

2. Documents Required to Register Your Marriage

You may need a few documents for registration purposes, but this depends on your nationality. Some of the common documents include:

  • Passport: The holder of a valid passport shall be used as identification.
  • Birth Certificate: This may be necessary to establish your age and identity.
  • Certificate of No Impediment (CNI): This is a document which declares that you are legally free to marry. It can usually be obtained from the home country's embassy or consulate in Japan.
  • Marriage Registration Form: This form is available at the local city hall (shiyakusho) or ward office (ku-cho) at which you plan to marry.
language considerations in japanese marriage

3. Language Considerations

All documents should be in the Japanese language. Hence, they will need to be translated if someone needs to be fluent in Japanese. Local authorities may have translation services. It is wise to make prior enquiries.

4. Witnesses

Although Japan does not require witnesses for the marriage registration process, having a couple of witnesses sign your marriage registration can add a nice touch to the occasion. If you choose to do this, they must be over the age of 20.

marriage registration Process

The Marriage Registration Process

1. Go to the Local Government Office

Once you have all the documents prepared, both of you are expected to head to the city hall or ward office to register. Pre-appointment is usually advisable, particularly in the big cities.

2. Presentation of Documents

Present all the said documents to the staff at the city hall. They would check it to see if it's complete and correct. Once everything is correct, you'll be advised to proceed further with the registration.

3. Fill out the Registration Form

Fill out the form for marriage registration. The forms usually consist of details including your name, nationality and address, amongst other information. Be sure that all this information is correct to avoid confusion afterwards.

4. Obtain Your Marriage Certificate

The city or town office will then issue an official marriage certificate called kon'in-todoke no juri-shomeisho to you after the registration has been processed. With an official marriage certificate, your marriage can be legally recognized in Japan and may be requested by you for other purposes sometime later in the future.

Post-Marriage Considerations

1. Changing Your Name

If either of you considers changing your name after marriage, the name change should be done through the legal process for name changes in Japan and your home country. Update passport and other identification documents if applicable.

2. Registration of Your Marriage in Your Home Country

You may also register your marriage after it has been consummated in Japan, in your home country, so that the government there recognizes it. Requirements vary between countries, so ask your embassy or consulate for instructions on what you should do.

3. Cultural customs and celebrations

While the legal matters are of prime importance, they should remember that a Japanese wedding is full of cultural intensity. A traditional Shinto ceremony, a Western-style wedding, or even a small gathering with friends can be great ways to celebrate your union.

Marriage in Japan, as a foreigner, can indeed prove to be a very enriching experience steeped in all meaning and significance attached to it culturally. Familiarization with the legal requirements, preparation of all documents required, and registration will result in the marriage being recognized within Japan and your country. With its stunning landscapes and rich traditions, Japan serves as a magical backdrop to your wedding and an unforgettable beginning to your life together. Whether you choose to have a more formal ceremony or one that is bare-bone civil registration, your love story can quite beautifully go along in this magnificent country.

Related Blog: Why Do So Many Foreigners Marry Japanese Women?

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